From: tRNA-derived small RNAs in human cancers: roles, mechanisms, and clinical application
Cancer Type | tsRNA Name | tsRNA Type | Expression Level | Target Gene | Downstream Molecules | Cellular Pathway | Biological Functions | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gastric cancer | tRF-Val | tRF-3a | ↑ | EEF1A1 | p53, MDM2 | MDM2/p53 signaling pathway | Promoted the proliferation and inhibited apoptosis of GC cells | [105] |
tRF-Glu-TTC-027 | tRF-1 | ↓ | - | Elk-1, c-Myc, JNK, ERK | MAPK signaling pathway | Suppressed the progression of GC | [155] | |
tRF-5026a | 5’-tiRNA | ↓ | - | AKT, PI3K | PI3K/AKT signaling pathway | Inhibited GC cell proliferation | [156] | |
tRF-Val-CAC-016 | tRF | ↓ | CACNA1d | Elk-1, c-Myc, JNK, ERK | MAPK signaling pathway | Suppressed the proliferation of GC | [157] | |
Gallbladder cancer | tRF-3013b | tRF-3b | ↓ | TPRG1L | c-Myc, p65, p50 | NF-κB signaling pathway | Inhibited GBC cell proliferation and induced cell-cycle arrest | [109] |
Colorectal cancer | tRF/miR-1280 | tRF-3 | ↓ | JAG2 | NICD1, Gata1/3 | Notch signaling pathway | Suppressed CRC stem cell-like cells and metastasis | [118] |
tRF3008A | tRF-3 | ↓ | FOXK1 | c-Jun, c-Myc, CCND1 | Wnt signaling pathway | Suppressed the progression and metastasis of CRC | [158] | |
Prostate cancer | tRF-315 | 5’-tiRNA | ↑ | GADD45A | P53, MDM2 | p53 signaling pathway | Inhibited PC cell apoptosis and enhance cisplatin resistance | [142] |
Pancreatic cancer | tRF-19-PNR8YPJZ | tRF-5 | ↑ | AXIN2 | c-Jun, c-Myc | Wnt signaling pathway | Promoted the proliferation and migration of pancreatic cancer | [159] |