Fig. 5

CircXRN2 activates the Hippo pathway through LATS1 to regulate cell proliferation, migration and glycolysis in human bladder cancer. a The expression levels of LATS1, TAZ and YAP were determined in different cells. b CircXRN2 altered the location of TAZ/YAP in T24 and TCCSUP cells, and knockdown of LATS1 reversed the effect of circXRN2 on TAZ/YAP. Scale bar: 50 μm. c CCK-8 assay showed that shLATS1 alleviated the suppression of cell viability induced by circXRN2. d Control, circXRN2-overexpressing and circXRN2 + shLATS1 cells were used for colony formation assays. e, f Cell migratory ability was impaired by circXRN2 and rescued by depletion of LATS1, as validated by Transwell migration and wound healing assays. g-i CircXRN2-induced inhibition of glucose uptake and lactate production was reversed by elimination of LATS1. j Cells were subjected to a Seahorse metabolic analyzer to determine the glycolytic rate. The glycoPER, basal glycolytic rate and compensatory glycolytic rate were higher in the circXRN2 overexpression group along with the shLATS1 group than in the circXRN2 overexpression group. All the data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation (n = 3). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01