Table 3 Summarizing the different sub-units of the Interleukin-2 Receptor, their location and Significance
From: Reigniting hope in cancer treatment: the promise and pitfalls of IL-2 and IL-2R targeting strategies
IL-2 receptor subunit | Location | Function | Soluble form | Type of cancer or cell type | Additional information | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
IL-2Rα (CD25) | T cells, B cells, NK cells, monocytes, dendritic cells, endothelial cells | High-affinity binding of IL-2 | sIL-2Rα | Various cancers (e.g. leukemia, lymphoma, melanoma, breast, lung, bladder, ovarian, and gastric cancer) | Elevated levels of sIL-2Rα have been detected in the serum of patients with these cancers, and the levels have been shown to correlate with tumor burden, disease stage, and prognosis. | (179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190) |
IL-2Rβ (CD122) | T cells, NK cells, monocytes, dendritic cells | Signal transduction | Not present | Various cancers (e.g. leukemia, lymphoma, melanoma) | Expression of IL-2Rβ has been reported in various cancer types, but its role in cancer development and progression is not well understood. | (10, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195) |
IL-2Rγ (CD132) | T cells, NK cells, B cells, monocytes, dendritic cells | Signal transduction | Not present | X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (XSCID) | Mutations in the IL-2Rγ gene cause XSCID, a severe immunodeficiency disorder that affects T and NK cell function. | (113, 181, 186, 190, 196, 197, 198) |