From: Crosstalk between autophagy and microbiota in cancer progression
Bacteria | Autophagy promotion / inhibition | ATGs | Stage of autophagy | Cancer type | Tumor promotion / suppression | Tumor behavior | Molecular mechanism | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Helicobacter pylori | Inhibit autophagy | LC3 p62 | Autophagy maturation | Gastric cancer | Tumor promotion | Tumorigenesis | H. pylori inhibits autophagy and induces the collection of p62 to promote gastric tumorigenesis. | [110] |
 | Inhibit autophagy | LC3 p62 | Autophagy maturation | Gastric cancer | Tumor promotion | Migration and invasion | CagA promotes miR-543 overexpression which can suppress autophagy, leading to tumor cell migration and invasion. | [121] |
 | Promote autophagy | LC3 Beclin-1 | Autophagy nucleation and maturation, | Colon cancer | Tumor promotion | Proliferation and invasion | CagA-positive H. pylori decreases miR-125b-5p level and induce autophagy for promotes the proliferation and invasion of colon cancer. | [124] |
Fusobacterium nucleatum | Promote autophagy | ULK1 ATG7 | Autophagy initiation and maturation | Colorectal cancer | Tumor promotion | Chemoresistance | F. nucleatum medicates CRC chemoresistance via deletion of miR18a*/4802 targeting ULK1/ATG7. | [36] |
 | Promote autophagy | ATG7 LC3 | Autophagy maturation | Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma | Tumor promotion | Chemoresistance | F. nucleatum induces ESCS chemoresistance by modulating the endogenous LC3 and ATG7 expression, as well as autophagosomes formation. | [115] |
 | Promote autophagy | LC3 Beclin1 | Autophagy nucleation and maturation, | Colorectal cancer | Tumor promotion | Metastasis | F. nucleatum promotes CRC metastasis by activating autophagy signaling via CARD3. | [130] |
Porphyromonas gingivalis | Promote autophagy | LC3 | Autophagy maturation | Oral cancer | Tumor suppression | Proliferation | P. gingivalis infection promotes autophagy and controls cell proliferation and G1 arrest in host oral cancer cells. | [35] |
Salmonella typhimurium | Promote autophagy | ATG-5 Beclin1 | Autophagy maturation | Liver cancer Gastric cancer | Tumor suppression | Proliferation | Inhibiting autophagy enhances the cancer-cell killing ability of S. typhimurium. | [134] |
Campylobacter jejuni | Inhibit autophagy | ATG-5 ATG-12 | Autophagy maturation | Prostate cancer | Tumor suppression | Radioresistance | C. jejuni suppresses autophagy via CDT and then enhances PC cells radiosensitivity. | [135] |